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98 Cf Californium

Actinoid, mass: 251 u, no stable and no natural isotopes.

Californium disc, about 1 mm diameter. Photo: U.S. Department of Energy, released as public domain.

Californium

Californium emerges in tiny amounts rather randomly from plutonium via the elements between these two. With Californium, it is bothered to laboriously extract it, because for 252Cf, which has a a half-life of 2.6 years, there are reasonable applications. About 3% of this isotope spontaneously fissions into large chunks and hot neutrons. Therefore it is used as a strong neutron source, for example in detectors for metal fatigue and in medicine for very intense irradiation. The enrichment of californium 252 is very expensive, each year only about 0.1 grams are made. When used, strict safety regulations have to be complied, although in each case only some micrograms of it are involved. The isotope 251Cf has a half-life of 900 years. Most californium decays to curium.


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Page last changed on March 05. 2016

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