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 1
H
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 1
D
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Chemical Elements

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Particle Zoo | Chemical Calculators | Atomic Collider Simulation
 2
He
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 3
Li
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 4
Be
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 5
B
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 6
C
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 7
N
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 8
O
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F
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 10
Ne
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Na
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Mg
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Al
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Si
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P
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S
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Cl
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Ar
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 19
K
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Ca
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Sc
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Ti
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V
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 24
Cr
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 25
Mn
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 26
Fe
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 27
Co
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 28
Ni
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 29
Cu
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 30
Zn
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 31
Ga
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 32
Ge
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 33
As
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 34
Se
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 35
Br
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 36
Kr
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 37
Rb
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 38
Sr
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 39
Y
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 40
Zr
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 41
Nb
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 42
Mo
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 43
Tc
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 44
Ru
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 45
Rh
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 46
Pd
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 47
Ag
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 48
Cd
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 49
In
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 50
Sn
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 51
Sb
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 52
Te
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 53
I
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 54
Xe
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 55
Cs
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 56
Ba
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 57-71
La-Lu

 72
Hf
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 73
Ta
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 74
W
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 75
Re
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 76
Os
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 77
Ir
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 78
Pt
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Au
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Hg
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Tl
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Pb
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Bi
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Po
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At
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 86
Rn
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 87
Fr
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Ra
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 89-103
Ac-Lr

 104
Rf

 105
Db

 106
Sg

 107
Bh

 108
Hs

 109
Mt

 110
Ds

 111
Rg

 112
Cn

 113
Nh

 114
Fl

 115
Mc

 116
Lv

 117
Ts

 118
Og

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 57
La
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 58
Ce
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 59
Pr
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 60
Nd
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 61
Pm
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 62
Sm
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Eu
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Gd
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Tb
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Dy
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Ho
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Er
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Tm
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Yb
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 71
Lu
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Islands of Stability
 89
Ac
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 90
Th
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 91
Pa
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 92
U
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 93
Np
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 94
Pu
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 95
Am
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 96
Cm
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 97
Bk
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 98
Cf
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 99
Es
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 100
Fm
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 101
Md
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 102
No
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 103
Lr

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Images and Properties of the Lanthanoids


All lanthanoids.
Click an image for the accordant element page.
Lanthanum
Lanthanum
The image of 61 promethium is a photomontage,
because promethium is very radioactive and rare.
57 La
Cerium
Cerium
Praseodymium
Praseodymium
Neodymium
Neodymium
Promethium
Promethium
Samarium
Samarium
Europium
Europium
Gadolinium
Gadolinium
58 Ce59 Pr60 Nd61 Pm62 Sm63 Eu64 Gd
Terbium
Terbium
Dysprosium
Dysprosium
Holmium
Holmium
Erbium
Erbium
Thulium
Thulium
Ytterbium
Ytterbium
Lutetium
Lutetium
65 Tb66 Dy67 Ho68 Er69 Tm70 Yb71 Lu

The lanthanoids form an own series within the periodic table. For them, simplified, with increasing numbers not the outer shell is filled up with electrons, like it is for the conventional elements and not the next inner shell, like it is for transition metals, but a further inside lying shell, the so-called 4f orbital, is filled up. Because chemical properties mainly are determined by the outer electrons, which for the lanthanoids are identical, they are all chemically similar. Lanthanoids are silvery, relatively soft, ignoble and more or less toxic metals. They are hard to isolate and difficult to be separated from each other. Therefore, if sufficient, often mischmetal is used, which is a mixture of them. Lanthanoids often play important roles in special technical applications. They don't have a biological relevance.


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The images are licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License, unless otherwise noted. Attribution by linking (outside of the internet credit with url) to the according element page.



 


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